Cystitis is an inflammation of the bladder, often caused by bacterial infections. It is more common in women due to their shorter urethra, which allows bacteria to reach the bladder more easily. Cystitis can also occur due to irritation from certain products or long periods of holding in urine.

The symptoms of cystitis typically include a strong, persistent urge to urinate, a burning sensation during urination, and passing small amounts of urine frequently. You might also notice cloudy or strong-smelling urine, and in some cases, blood in the urine. Lower abdominal discomfort, feeling of pressure in the bladder, and low-grade fever are also common symptoms.

Treating cystitis usually involves drinking plenty of water to help flush out the bacteria. Over-the-counter pain relievers can provide relief from discomfort. Doctors often prescribe antibiotics to treat the underlying infection. For mild cases, making simple lifestyle changes, such as urinating frequently and avoiding irritating personal care products, can be helpful. Cranberry juice and probiotics are sometimes recommended to prevent recurrence, though their effectiveness varies. If symptoms persist or worsen, it is important to seek medical advice for appropriate treatment.