Urethritis is an inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. This condition can affect both men and women and is often caused by bacterial or viral infections. Commonly, sexually transmitted infections (STIs) like gonorrhea and chlamydia are the culprits, though non-infectious causes such as chemical irritants, trauma, or an underlying systemic illness can also lead to urethritis. Understanding the cause is crucial for effective treatment.
Symptoms of urethritis typically include a burning sensation during urination, frequent urge to urinate, and discomfort or pain in the lower abdomen. Men may notice a discharge from the penis, while women might experience vaginal discharge or pain during intercourse. Some individuals might also feel general symptoms such as fever or malaise, especially if the infection spreads beyond the urethra. The severity and combination of symptoms can vary, making it important to seek medical attention if any signs arise.
Treating urethritis generally focuses on eradicating the underlying cause. If the condition is due to a bacterial infection, antibiotics are usually prescribed. It is essential to complete the entire course of medication, even if symptoms improve before finishing the treatment. For viral causes, antiviral medications may be indicated. In cases linked to chemical irritants, identifying and avoiding the irritant is key. Drinking plenty of fluids and practicing good hygiene can help alleviate symptoms and prevent recurrence. It's also advisable for sexual partners to undergo testing and treatment if an STI is diagnosed, to avoid reinfection.
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