Diabetes is a chronic medical condition where the body either does not produce enough insulin or cannot properly use the insulin it produces. Insulin is a hormone necessary for converting sugar into energy that the body's cells can use. Without proper insulin function, glucose accumulates in the blood, leading to high blood sugar levels. This can result in long-term complications affecting various organs, including the heart, kidneys, eyes, and nerves.
Common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, excessive thirst, and unexplained weight loss. Other warning signs can be extreme fatigue, blurred vision, and slow-healing sores or frequent infections. Some people may also experience numbness or tingling in their hands or feet. Since the symptoms can be mild or develop gradually, many individuals may not realize they have the condition until serious health issues arise.
Managing diabetes primarily involves lifestyle modifications and possibly medication. A balanced diet that focuses on controlling blood sugar levels is crucial. This means monitoring carbohydrate intake, opting for high-fiber foods, and avoiding sugary or highly processed items. Regular physical activity is also essential as it helps to lower blood sugar levels and improve insulin sensitivity. Medications, such as insulin injections or oral diabetes drugs, may be prescribed depending on the type and severity of diabetes. Regular monitoring of blood sugar levels and routine check-ups with a healthcare provider are critical for managing the disease effectively. With proper treatment, individuals with diabetes can lead healthy, active lives while minimizing the risk of complications.
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