Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat problems inside a joint. During the procedure, a surgeon inserts a small camera called an arthroscope into the joint through a tiny incision. This camera projects images of the inside of the joint onto a screen, allowing the surgeon to examine the joint in great detail and even conduct surgical repairs. Arthroscopy is commonly used for joints like the knee, shoulder, elbow, ankle, hip, and wrist. It can address a variety of conditions, including torn cartilage, ligament injuries, and inflamed joint linings.
The symptoms that might lead someone to undergo arthroscopy typically involve joint pain, swelling, and decreased range of motion that have not responded to non-surgical treatments. For example, a person might experience chronic knee pain from a torn meniscus or shoulder pain due to a rotator cuff injury. These symptoms can significantly affect daily activities and overall quality of life, prompting individuals to seek more definitive diagnostic and therapeutic interventions.
Treatment through arthroscopy generally involves not only the diagnostic aspect but also immediate corrective action. Depending on what the surgeon discovers, they might remove or repair damaged tissues, such as trimming torn cartilage or repairing ligaments. Post-operative care usually includes rest, ice application, compression, and elevation (RICE), along with physical therapy to restore strength and mobility. Recovery times can vary but are generally quicker than those for open surgery. Pain and swelling are common in the initial recovery phase but usually subside as healing progresses. A tailored rehabilitation plan ensures that patients regain optimal joint function and return to their normal activities.
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