Endometriosis is a condition where tissue similar to the lining inside the uterus starts to grow outside the uterus. This can happen on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and even other areas in the pelvic region. These out-of-place tissues still act like they would inside the uterus, thickening, breaking down, and bleeding with each menstrual cycle. However, since this blood has no way to exit the body, it can cause pain and lead to the formation of scar tissue.
Common symptoms of endometriosis include pain, which can be severe, particularly during menstrual periods, though some people also experience pain during intercourse, bowel movements, or urination. Other symptoms are heavy menstrual bleeding or bleeding between periods, fatigue, and sometimes infertility. The severity of these symptoms can range from mild to debilitating, impacting daily activities and quality of life.
Treatment options for endometriosis are varied and depend on the severity of the condition and the symptoms. Pain relief often starts with over-the-counter pain medication. Hormone therapy can help reduce or eliminate the pain by slowing the growth of endometrial tissue. In more severe cases, surgical options are available to remove as much of the affected tissue as possible. Lifestyle changes and support groups can also help in managing the emotional and physical aspects of living with endometriosis. Early diagnosis and a personalized treatment plan are key to managing this condition effectively.